Regulating Emerging Technologies in Disaster Management: A Comparative Analysis of Security Governance and Legal Liability in India and Serbia

Authors

  • Manindra Singh Hanspal Presidency University, School of Law, Bengaluru Itgalpura, Rajanukunte, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064, India Author https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5973-807X
  • Vladimir M. Cvetković Department of Disaster Management and Environmental Security, Faculty of Security Studies, University of Belgrade, Gospodara Vucica 50, 11040 Belgrade, Serbia , Safety and Disaster Studies, Chair of Thermal Processing Technology, Department of Environmental and Energy Process Engineering, Montanuniversität, Leoben, Austria Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3450-0658
  • Milan Lipovac Faculty of Security Studies, University of Belgrade, Gospodara Vucica 50, 11040 Belgrade, Serbia Author
  • Dejana Jovanović Popović Department of Disaster Management and Environmental Security, Faculty of Security Studies, University of Belgrade, Gospodara Vucica 50, 11040 Belgrade, Serbia Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.66050/5jedtn66

Keywords:

disaster management, emerging technologies, security governance, legal liability, cybersecurity, critical infrastructure

Abstract

The integration of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), drones, IoT sensors, big data, and blockchain is revolutionizing disaster management by enhancing response speed and effectiveness. However, these advancements introduce significant challenges in security governance and legal liability, particularly around accountability, data protection, algorithmic bias, and the resilience of critical infrastructure. This comparative study examines how India and Serbia regulate the use of these technologies in disaster management, incorporating legal analysis, policy review, and expert insights. The findings highlight that while India focuses on national frameworks, particularly through the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), Serbia aligns its disaster management approach with European Union standards and emphasizes regional cooperation. Both countries face common challenges, including the attribution of liability for autonomous decision-making, cybersecurity risks, and cross-border coordination. To address these issues, the study proposes a hybrid governance model that combines adaptive regulation, multi-stakeholder partnerships, liability-sharing mechanisms, and technology-neutral legal frameworks. The research argues that effective regulation must balance operational efficiency with security, legitimacy, and human rights protection, ultimately fostering public trust and enhancing disaster resilience.

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Published

2026-03-03

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Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Disaster Risk Management

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Copyright (c) 2026 Manindra Singh Hanspal, Vladimir Cvetković, Milan Lipovac, Dejana Jovanović Popović (Author)

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How to Cite

Hanspal, M. S., Cvetković, V. M., Lipovac, M., & Popović, D. J. (2026). Regulating Emerging Technologies in Disaster Management: A Comparative Analysis of Security Governance and Legal Liability in India and Serbia. International Journal of Disaster Risk Management, 8(1), 147-162. https://doi.org/10.66050/5jedtn66

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